Page 5 – Eye on the Rainforest

by thrity February 22, 2024

Conservation in Patillas, Jan 2024

In the realm of botanical conservation, Thrity (3t) Vakil, serving as the director of Tropic Ventures Research & Education Foundation (TVREF), has been at the forefront of a significant project aimed at safeguarding endangered endemic tree species in Puerto Rico. Under her leadership, TVREF, in collaboration with Botanic Gardens Conservation International (BGCI) and the Global Tree Campaign (GTC), embarked on an ambitious initiative to conserve two of Puerto Rico’s threatened endemic tree species: Palo de Cruz, Garcinia portoricensis (Clusiaceae) and Tortugo Prieto Ravenia urbani (Rutaceae).

The conservation project’s genesis can be traced back to 2021, when the Naples Botanical Garden in Florida secured a grant from the Association of Zoological Horticulture. This funding was pivotal for constructing a new tree nursery at Las Casas de la Selva in Patillas, Puerto Rico, addressing a critical need following the destruction wrought by Hurricane Maria in 2017, which decimated the existing tree nurseries. The partnership with BGCI and the GTC, formalized through a 2021 agreement, significantly enhanced the project’s scope and potential impact.

Garcinia portoricensis is growing in the nursery at Las Casas de la Selva. Dec 2023

3T brought together a world-class multidisciplinary team of specialists in various fields, including plant and tree sciences, ecology, agronomy, biology, taxonomy, bryology, pteridology, mycology, lepidoptery, lichenology, and zoology.

The team was tasked with advancing the project’s objectives within the 930-acre forest property in the southeast mountains of Puerto Rico, adjacent to the Carite State Forest, known as Las Casas de la Selva. This property, established in 1983, is recognized as a certified stewardship forest and operates under an approved forest stewardship management plan. It is designated as an auxiliary forest. The team also carried out botanical expeditions to other areas on the island of Puerto Rico.

The project, under 3T’s guidance, has updated conservation assessments, mapped populations, established an ex-situ collection, created propagation protocols, and will implement in-situ conservation programs. Educational initiatives targeting local schools and the development of an integrated action plan for national authorities are also key components of the project’s strategy.

3T’s leadership in this collaborative conservation effort stands as a testament to the potential for positive impact on the preservation of endangered endemic trees in Puerto Rico. As 2024 progresses, the collective efforts of TVREF, BGCI, NBG, GTC, and other partner organizations are poised to contribute significantly to the long-term survival of Garcinia portoricensis and Ravenia urbani, securing their legacy for future generations. January 2024

Thrity Vakil & Amelia Merced extracting seeds from the seed cases of *Ravenia urbani*

Links:

Securing the conservation of endemic trees in Puerto Rico

Eye on the Rainforest’s Conservation Endeavors in Puerto Rico | Botanic Gardens Conservation International (bgci.org)

Meet three Naples Botanical Garden partners to understand the environmental pressures they face, the ways in which they are striving to make a difference, and why NBG champions their causes. September 2021. Go to Pages 16-18, to read about the work we are doing with endangered endemics
Conserve Magazine Pages 16-18.pdf

BGCI Botany Conference Horticulture News

by thrity February 21, 2024

Havana, Cuba, Nov 2023

3t at Mirador Loma el Mogote, NE Cuba

Conservation Horticulture workshop, Cuba

3t Vakil was invited to attend the November 2024 “Horticulture for Conservation” workshop in Havana, Cuba. Hosted at Havana’s National Botanical Garden, Jardín Botánico Nacional – UH -Cuba (JBN), this gathering united experts from Cuba, the Bahamas, Puerto Rico, the Dominican Republic, and the United States, creating fertile ground for collaboration.

The workshop was organized by the CSE/IUCN Cuban Plant Specialist Group, the National Network of Botanical Gardens of Cuba, and the Network of Botanical Gardens of the Caribbean and Central America, receiving support from several key organizations. These sponsors included the National Botanical Garden (JBN), the Leon Levy Native Plant Preserve of the Bahamas, Botanic Gardens Conservation International, the Whitley Fund for Nature, and Planta – Plantlife Conservation Society, all highlighting the shared commitment to sustainable conservation practices.

For 3T, the event was a perfect match with our mission at Las Casas de la Selva, emphasizing horticulture’s role in conservation. It opened new avenues for innovative strategies and allowed us to form valuable connections with leading botanists and conservationists dedicated to preserving the Caribbean’s botanical heritage.

The diverse participation underscored the significance of collaborative efforts in addressing environmental challenges. Sharing knowledge and resources, the workshop aimed to bolster the resilience of botanical gardens and conservation nurseries as centers for biodiversity and conservation education. 3T’s journey to Havana marked a significant stride towards building stronger botanical conservation networks. The collaborations formed and the insights gained promise to have a lasting impact on the conservation of the Caribbean’s botanical treasures. This workshop has not only reinforced the importance of unity in conservation efforts but also set the stage for future projects and innovations, paving the way for a greener Caribbean and beyond. Nov 2023

Botany Education Environment Events Friends of Las Casas de la Selva Fungi Talks

by thrity February 21, 2024

Bioluminescent fungi, Oct 2023

Bioluminescent fungi -Hygrocybe prieta — *Hygrocybe prieta*: bioluminescent fungi. This is a mushroom of the waxcap genus *Hygrocybe*. *

Exploring the Enchanted Forest: Night-Time Hikes with Kurt Miller in Las Casas de la Selva Forest.

A team of adventurous explorers was granted the extraordinary opportunity to witness one of the natural world’s most enchanting phenomena: the trails of the Las Casas de la Selva rainforest illuminated by the ethereal glow of bioluminescent fungi. Under the expert guidance of the esteemed mycologist Kurt Miller, the participants embarked on a mesmerizing midnight trek. This unique journey allowed them to immerse themselves in the forest’s captivating luminescence, where the natural radiance of the fungi became the highlight of their adventure.

Kurt Miller, with his expertise and passion for fungi, led the group through the dense foliage, unveiling the hidden wonders of the forest under the cover of darkness. The bioluminescent fungi, a phenomenon where fungi emit light through a chemical reaction, turned the forest into a living, glowing entity. This extraordinary sight, often unseen by the day’s light, offered participants a unique glimpse into the mystical life of the rainforest.

The event, seamlessly organized by Raquel Torres-Arzola, included not just the hike but an immersive experience with an overnight stay in the heart of the rainforest. Raquel’s efforts ensured that every participant was well taken care of, providing a delicious dinner and breakfast that catered to all food preferences, making the adventure as comfortable as it was exhilarating.

Special thanks are also due to 3t, Paula Isabel Arzola, Abdelmonem Assi, and Andres Rua, whose contributions were invaluable in making the event a success. Their help with organizing and managing the logistics allowed participants to fully immerse themselves in the experience without worry.

For those adventurous souls who missed out on this spectacular event, there’s good news. Raquel Torres-Arzola is your go-to contact for signing up for future expeditions. These night-time hikes are tailored for those who are able to navigate the forest’s terrain after dark. Whether you’re looking to join as an individual or as part of a friend or family group of up to 18 people, there’s an opportunity for everyone. It’s important to note that these adventures are designed for physically fit participants over the age of 15, ensuring that all involved can safely enjoy the hike.

Las Casas de la Selva rainforest offers more than just a hike; it offers an opportunity to connect with nature on a profound level, to see the unseen, and to learn from experts like Kurt Miller. If you’re seeking an adventure that combines the thrill of exploration with the beauty of nature’s own light show, then this is an experience you won’t want to miss.

Stay tuned for more opportunities to explore the glowing heart of the rainforest and witness the magic of bioluminescent fungi with Kurt Miller and the dedicated team that makes these journeys possible.

*Lentinus scleropus* at Las Casas de la Selva, Patillas, Puerto Rico.

Thank you, Kurt Miller, for your love of fungi.

*Hygrocybe prieta: bioluminescent fungi. This is a mushroom of the waxcap genus Hygrocybe. Described as new to science in 1990, it is found in Puerto Rico, where it grows on clay banks under boulders and elevated tree roots.

Globalworks Globalworks Teams School Groups Service work Volunteer Groups Volunteers

by thrity February 20, 2024

Globalworks June-Aug 2023

Globalworks June-Aug 2023
Globalworks Team 22nd June 2023

We have partnered with Globalworks since 2003, and many projects have been touched by hundreds of teenagers over the years.

Global Works is committed to meaningful service, focusing on collaboration with communities rather than merely working on their behalf. Their mission is rooted in sustainable community development, involving student volunteers in genuine, grassroots projects. Global Works prioritizes establishing deep connections with local communities, ensuring their work is both impactful and respectful.

The organization is powered by a team of passionate and experienced leaders, forming the heart of Global Works. With an impressive retention rate of 80% among staff, Global Works prides itself on delivering high-quality, safe, and enjoyable experiences. Leaders are chosen for their expertise, adaptability, and dedication to fostering global citizenship among students.

Global Works adopts a unique approach to travel, embodying the principle of traveling with purpose. This involves immersing in local cultures, supporting local economies, and forging lasting connections across the globe. Global Works offers more than just a trip; it presents an opportunity to become a global citizen.

Globalworks Globalworks Teams Volunteers

by thrity June 29, 2023

San Jose State University June 2023

San Jose State University 7/8/9th June 2023

In early June 2023, a lively group of students from San Jose State University took a break from their usual academic environment to embark on an unforgettable journey to the heart of Puerto Rico’s rainforest. Staying from the 7th to the 9th, these young conservationists turned their hands to vital work at Las Casas de la Selva, focusing on the crucial task of landslide mitigation.

The lush, vibrant landscape of the rainforest is as beautiful as it is fragile. Recent landslides had left scars on this verdant canvas, posing threats to the forest’s rich biodiversity and to the trail system that allows us humans to witness its wonders. To help counter this threat, the San Jose State University students prepared berms for a special guest – Vetiver, or Chrysopogon zizanioides, a plant with extraordinary soil-stabilizing properties.

With shears in hands and determination in hearts, the students trimmed slips of vetiver, and planted the slips 6” apart. The task was labor-intensive, but there was an underlying excitement – a sense of being part of something larger, something impactful. As they worked, they learned about the fascinating characteristics of this humble grass that make it an unsung hero in the fight against soil erosion.

The vetiver plant is a marvel of nature, with a root system that is finely structured and robust. Despite its seemingly delicate appearance, the plant’s roots can penetrate 3–4 meters deep within just the first year of growth, forming a strong subterranean network that safeguards the soil above. Vetiver is unique, as it neither develops stolons nor rhizomes, making it incredibly drought-tolerant.

But perhaps the most significant characteristic of vetiver is its ability to protect soil against erosion. Where other plants might succumb to the onslaught of wind and water, vetiver stands tall, its deep roots acting as a living barrier against the destructive forces. In the event of sediment deposition, new roots can sprout from buried nodes, demonstrating an incredible resilience that further underscores its value in conservation efforts.

Watching the San Jose State University students planting vetiver, it was clear that this was not just a hands-on learning experience, but a meaningful contribution to the preservation of the rainforest. Their time at Las Casas de la Selva was a testament to the critical role that we, as individuals and communities, play in safeguarding our planet’s natural resources. It was a demonstration of how knowledge, action, and passion can come together to create lasting, positive change.

Thank you to Kirky (Kristine Kirkendale) who led the team, and to Globalworks International who organized the expedition. Karaya Diaz provided excellent cuisine for the team.

See this link for more photos of this great trip: https://photos.app.goo.gl/JH5Y9x9sfJNZvm7y8

Homestead Volunteers

by thrity June 24, 2023

Are you retired and want to Volunteer?

Education Frogs Herpetology Uncategorized

by thrity June 24, 2023

Icaco Valley Frog Survey, 11th June 2023

Icaco Valley Frog Survey, 11th June 2023

A cooperative agreement between the Caribbean USFWS and the University of Florida (UF) just completed the last coquí guajón (E. cooki) survey for this project at one of the populations within Las Casas de la Selva property.

Last time this population was surveyed was back in 2013, with Norman Greenhawk. Despite the recent heat wave, the team led by Dr. Ana Longo and her graduate students (https://thelongolab.com/), was able to catch and release 30 coquí guajón frogs.

Coquí guajón, Eleutherodactylus cooki, juvenile in Icaco Valley, Patillas, Photo by JP Zegarra

Survey effort included general frog counts, genetic samples, chytrid fungus swabs and tick prevalence. This population is quite unique since it is one of the few known coquí guajón populations to co-occur with both the coquí caoba (E. richmondi) and the coquí melodioso (E. wightmanae), among other species.

Another peculiarity is that this coquí guajón population lacks ticks, perhaps because of its protected habitat and farther distance from human disturbance. In general, this coquí guajón population seems in good condition, but there are concerns with the potential effects of climate change on all coquí frog species. Ultimately, the consequences of these anomalies in demographic responses might not be immediately apparent, and can potentially affect reproduction and recruitment in the coquí guajón populations and other species as well.

Thanks to Jan P. Zegarra (Fish & Wildlife Biologist) for the info and these great photos from this recent survey, care of USFWS-Caribbean Ecological Services Field Office.

**Coquí caoba,** **Eleutherodactylus** **richmondi, Icaco Valley**, **Patillas, Photo by JP Zegarra**

BGCI Education Nursery People of Las Casas de la Selva School Groups Volunteer Groups

by thrity June 24, 2023

Montessori-Guillermo Riefkohl, Patillas, 25-26 May 2023

A Magical Night in the Rainforest : Endangered Species & An Unforgettable Experience for Students of Montessori-Guillermo Riefkohl, Patillas, 25th – 26th May 2023.

Deep in the heart of Patillas, located on the southern coast of Puerto Rico, sits a Montessori school, Escuela Guillermo Riefkohl. Steeped in rich traditions, the school is not just an educational institution, but a place where kids are nurtured and encouraged to explore the world beyond the textbook. Education is not confined within the four walls of a classroom; it’s about fostering a love for learning, teaching an appreciation for our surroundings, and nurturing an inquisitive spirit. The opportunity to spend a night in the rainforest is just one example of the extraordinary experiences that this local school offers its students, ensuring they grow not just academically, but also emotionally and with an environmental consciousness.

Recently, they embarked on an adventure that will forever be etched in their memories: a night under the canopy of the rainforest at Las Casas de la Selva.

Las Casas de la Selva, located in the forested mountains of Carite in Patillas, is a 40 year old sustainable forestry and rainforest enrichment project, a sanctuary of Puerto Rico’s native flora and fauna. The spectacular location brims with life, from the humble coquis – the island’s charming, melodious frogs – to anoles, stick insects, and an array of beetles, painting a vivid picture of the island’s biodiversity.

Escuela Guillermo Riefkohl students, aged 11 and 12, were lucky enough to spend a night amidst this thriving wilderness. This venture was more than just a school trip. For many, it represented their first journey away from the comforting confines of their homes and the warm, familiar embrace of their parents. For some, this was their first voyage into the rainforest, an ecosystem so different from their urban surroundings, filled with the thrill of uncharted territory and the promise of discovery.

A million thanks to the great teachers behind this project, Ilianexcis Pérez and Teresa Sabtiago. Their dedication and passion for education went beyond the standard curriculum, opening up a world of natural wonders for the young learners. They understood the immeasurable value in letting kids breathe the wild air, touch the damp earth, and listen to the soothing symphony of the rainforest – experiences that kindle a lifelong fascination with nature. Dedicated staff team also included Angela, Caesar, and Alexis, with their expertise and unwavering commitment, played a pivotal role in making this expedition safe, educational, and immensely enjoyable for the kids. Monique Nieves, chef, provided nutritious & delicious meals.

The students were there to spend time with 3t (Thrity Vakil, director), to discover and learn about the rare and endangered plant species that 3t and her botanical team are working with, in collaboration with The Botanical Gardens Conservation International. Namely Palo de Cruz (Garcinia portoricensis), and Tortuga Prieto (Ravenia urbanii), as well as several other critically endangered species such as Palo de Nigua (Cornutia obovata), and Palo de Jazmin (Styrax portoricensis).

From the dense canopy overhead to the rich soil underfoot, every inch of the rainforest is teeming with life, and much of this life is a mystery, just waiting to be unraveled. It was under the guidance 3t, that the students of Escuela Guillermo Riefkohl ventured into this unexplored wilderness. As the director of Las Casas de la Selva, 3t and her botanical team are spearheading efforts to understand and conserve some of the rainforest’s most precious inhabitants.

An integral part of their visit was the chance to delve deep into the world of two incredibly rare and endangered plant species – Palo de Cruz (Garcinia portoricensis) and Tortuga Prieto (Ravenia urbanii). These are not just plants, but living fragments of Puerto Rico’s unique biological heritage, struggling for survival in an increasingly threatened ecosystem.

Guided by 3t’s passion and expertise, the students embarked on an exciting journey of discovery. They learned about these plants, the role of diversity inthe complex web of rainforest life, and the urgent need for their conservation. Through hands-on experience, they saw, touched, and understood the critical work 3t and her team are doing to preserve these species for future generations.

Imagine their wide-eyed awe as they beheld the seedlings of Palo de Cruz, a species as enigmatic as it is rare, with its glossy leaves and sharp point, or the Tortuga Prieto, trees found nowhere else in the world but Puerto Rico. They discussed the challenges faced by these plants, felt the urgency of their plight, and hopefully understood the profound importance of conservation work.

By inviting the students into this world, 3t opened their eyes to the miracles of the rainforest and the dire need to protect it. With every leaf they turned, every question they asked, and every answer they discovered, the students were not only learning about the world around them but also their role in it. And who knows, perhaps among those students, inspired by 3t’s work, is a future botanist or conservationist, ready to take up the torch and continue the fight for Puerto Rico’s incredible natural heritage.

The children of Escuela Guillermo Riefkohl were not merely visitors, but rather explorers for the night, embarking on an unforgettable journey of discovery. Imagine the laughter echoing through the forest as the kids played games, their wide-eyed wonder at the sight of anole lizards disappearing into the foliage, the joy of spotting a stick insect camouflaged on a branch, and the awestruck silence as they listened to the nocturnal serenade of coquis under the starlit sky.

This enchanting encounter with the rainforest was more than just a night of fun. It was a vital, transformative educational experience that has, undoubtedly, shaped these children’s perception of the natural world. As they walked away from Las Casas de la Selva, they carried with them not just memories of a thrilling adventure, but a newfound respect for nature, understanding of biodiversity, and a spark of curiosity that will hopefully fuel their quest for knowledge for years to come.

Events Talks

by thrity June 10, 2023

Guided Walk-Talk Tour of Las Casas de la Selva

Come on a Guided Walk Talk tour!! Celebrate 40 years with us

Friday 29th July 2023
Time: 9.30am – 2.00pm

Cost: $45per head, includes a delicious home-cooked lunch, salad, & beverages
Discover the captivating forest of Las Casas de la Selva, Patillas, Puerto Rico, with passionate hosts, Thrity 3t Vakil and Raquel Torres, in English and Spanish.

For 20 people only.
Limited availability, reserve now to avoid disappointment.
Come on this extraordinary journey and celebrate 40 years of sustainable forestry at Las Casas de la Selva! Don’t miss out on this special occasion to explore nature’s wonders on a guided walk, have a delicious lunch, & conversations in the company of fellow nature enthusiasts. Wear comfortable walking shoes and appropriate outdoor attire: long-trousers & long-sleeved shirt.

Join us for an exclusive guided walk through this remarkable sustainable forestry project, celebrating its 40th anniversary. Commemorate 40 years of conservation and responsible forestry.

Immerse and yourself in the breathtaking beauty of the reforested land and timber plantation.
Witness the rich biodiversity of native flora and fauna.
See the devastating landslides caused by Hurricane Fiona.
See the nursery of endangered endemic species and learn about our collaborations with the Botanical Gardens Conservation International.

RSVP by 25th July 2023 to pay & secure your spot & tell us your dietary preference and allergy issues. We accept Paypal (3t@eyeontherainforesty.org) and ATH Movil (787 329 7761)
Email: raqueltorresarzola@gmail.com

Location: https://goo.gl/maps/f7CtG85daJ3RNceL7

If you have a group of 20 and would like a tour, please contact us for alternative dates.
We look forward to seeing you here!!

This event is part of an ongoing series of events to celebrate our 40th Anniversary.
Please consider making a donation to wards the project if you would like to support our work.
https://eyeontherainforest.org/donate/
Thank you!

Globalworks Globalworks Teams School Groups Service work Volunteers

by thrity May 25, 2023

Globalworks & University of Delaware, 24 May 2023

A Day of Joyful Volunteering in the Puerto Rican Rainforest- Globalworks & University of Delaware, 24 May 2023

(In case English is not your first language, you can translate this website. Click the TRANSLATE button at top right.)

In a heartwarming convergence of cultures and a shared passion for environmental conservation, a group of bright young adults from Saudi Arabia embarked on a life-changing journey to the rainforest project, Las Casas de la Selva, in Patillas, Puerto Rico. Brought together by Globalworks International, an organization dedicated to facilitating service holidays for teenagers, these enthusiastic students spent a day immersing themselves in the rainforest’s beauty. The day was filled with awe-inspiring moments, meaningful discussions, and unforgettable memories.

Exploring the Rainforest’s Resilience: The day began with a guided hike led by Thrity Vakil (3t) at Las Casas de la Selva. As the group ventured deeper into the rainforest, they witnessed firsthand the devastating impact of Hurricane Fiona, which struck Puerto Rico in September 2022. The trail revealed landslides and fallen trees, reminding everyone of the immense power of nature. However, amidst the destruction, there was a sense of hope as new life emerged, highlighting the rainforest’s remarkable resilience.

After the enlightening hike, and some time looking at critically endangered plants in the nursery, it was time for the Saudi Arabian students to roll up their sleeves and contribute their labor! Their task involved carrying buckets of gravel to complete the construction of a new front garden area near the open-air dining room. With determination and a sense of purpose, they worked together, displaying teamwork and a strong work ethic. Among the leaders of the garden task were Alfredo and Potin, who shared their knowledge and expertise, ensuring that the project proceeded smoothly.

The Saudi Arabian students, with their unique perspectives and backgrounds, engaged in enlightening conversations and the students’ genuine curiosity and eagerness to learn left a lasting impression on everyone, fostering an atmosphere of intellectual growth and cultural exchange.

As the morning’s activities drew to a close, the students’ hard work and dedication were rewarded with a mouthwatering lunch prepared by Monique Nieves, chef at Las Casas de la Selva. The tantalizing aromas filled the air, and with gratitude and satisfaction, the group savored the delicious meal, knowing that it was well-earned after their efforts.

The day spent by the students from the University of Delaware, (ELI-SABIC 22),volunteering at Las Casas de la Selva, Patillas, Puerto Rico, was a beautiful testament to the power of unity and collaboration. Through their participation in Globalworks International’s service holiday program, these young adults not only experienced the wonders of the Puerto Rican rainforest but also contributed to the project. This joyous experience serves as a reminder that by working together, we can create a brighter and more sustainable future for our planet.

Thank you everyone!!

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